Here’s the revised and complete list of **The 13 Post-Resurrection Apostles**, now including their respective affiliations with the **12 Tribes of Israel** (where known or traditionally believed):
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1. Peter (Simon Peter)
- Death:
Crucified upside down in Rome (~67 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Simeon or Reuben (speculated, as his tribal affiliation is
not explicitly recorded).
- Regions
Influenced: Rome, Asia Minor.
- Cultural
Significance: Foundational leader of the early Church; recognized as
the first Pope.
2. Andrew
- Death:
Crucified on an X-shaped cross in Patras, Greece (~60 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Simeon or Reuben (speculated, likely the same as Peter,
his brother).
- Regions
Influenced: Greece, Asia Minor, possibly Russia.
- Cultural
Significance: Revered for his humility and missionary zeal.
3. James the Greater
- Death:
Beheaded in Jerusalem (~44 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Zebulun (traditionally associated with his father
Zebedee).
- Regions
Influenced: Judea, Spain.
- Cultural
Significance: His connection to the Camino de Santiago highlights his
legacy in inspiring pilgrimages.
4. John
- Death:
Died of natural causes in Ephesus (~100 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Zebulun (traditionally associated with his father
Zebedee).
- Regions
Influenced: Asia Minor.
- Cultural
Significance: His theological writings profoundly shaped Christian
teachings.
5. Philip
- Death:
Crucified in Hierapolis, Turkey (~80 AD).
- Tribe:
Unknown, as his tribal lineage is not recorded in scripture or
tradition.
- Regions
Influenced: Asia Minor, Greece.
- Cultural
Significance: Promoter of inclusivity in early Christianity.
6. Bartholomew (Nathanael)
- Death:
Flayed alive and beheaded in Armenia (~68 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Naphtali (speculated, linked to his mention in the Gospel
of John).
- Regions
Influenced: Armenia, India, possibly Arabia.
- Cultural
Significance: Celebrated for his missionary efforts in Armenia.
7. Thomas (Didymus)
- Death:
Speared to death in India (~72 AD).
- Tribe:
Unknown, as scripture does not specify his tribal ancestry.
- Regions
Influenced: India.
- Cultural
Significance: Founder of the Saint Thomas Christian communities.
8. Matthew (Levi)
- Death:
Martyred in Ethiopia (~74 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Levi (as indicated by his name "Levi" in the
Gospels).
- Regions
Influenced: Ethiopia, Persia.
- Cultural
Significance: His Gospel bridges Jewish and Christian traditions.
9. James the Less
- Death:
Clubbed to death in Jerusalem (~62 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Levi (speculated, as he may have been related to Matthew).
- Regions
Influenced: Jerusalem, Judea.
- Cultural
Significance: A humble and steadfast leader of the early Church.
10. Thaddaeus (Jude)
- Death:
Martyred in Persia (~65 AD).
- Tribe:
Unknown, as scripture does not specify his tribal ancestry.
- Regions
Influenced: Mesopotamia, Persia.
- Cultural
Significance: His teachings strengthened the early Church in
Mesopotamia.
11. Simon the Zealot
- Death:
Martyred in Persia or Britain (~65 AD, accounts vary).
- Tribe:
Unknown, as his tribal ancestry is not mentioned in scripture or
tradition.
- Regions
Influenced: Persia, possibly Britain or North Africa.
- Cultural
Significance: His passion and dedication expanded Christianity to new
regions.
12. Matthias
- Death:
Stoned and beheaded in Jerusalem (~80 AD, accounts vary).
- Tribe:
Unknown, as his tribal ancestry is not recorded.
- Regions
Influenced: Judea, possibly Ethiopia.
- Cultural
Significance: Restored the Twelve Apostles and carried out Christ's
mission.
13. Paul (formerly Saul of Tarsus)
- Death:
Beheaded in Rome (~67 AD).
- Tribe:
Tribe of Benjamin (as stated by Paul himself in Philippians 3:5).
- Regions
Influenced: Asia Minor, Greece, Rome, and beyond.
- Cultural
Significance: His missionary journeys and epistles became a
cornerstone of Christian doctrine.
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Additional reading:
- The Transition from Old Testament to the New
- The Apostles Peter and Paul versus Simon the Magus
- The Events after the Bible
- The Spread of Christianity in Asia
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Keep the Faith. Best regards,
Bro. Nald, NDSMD
